淡江大學外交與國際關係學系

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專兼任師資

年度104

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書名軟權力在歐盟外交中的運用：以法國文化外交及軟權力之影響為例

部分章節歐洲主要各國自 19 世紀後，就積極透過學術交流、經貿技術交流合作以及人文發展等方式，朝著鞏固自身外交權力的目標邁進。特別是法國，不僅期望能在歐洲建立起與美國抗衡的力量，並且以此方式提昇自身國家的外交權力。根據 Joseph S. Nye，William Owens 與 Milton Cunning 等的文獻回顧，可一探全球和法國對於軟性權力的概念，從文化、外交層面的起源、定義和發展，來探討此一有別於過去硬性權力的文化外交。以法國為例，透過教育、文化以及科技等工具使法國具備更多元與柔性的說服力，來促使歐洲其他各國願意追隨其所倡導的核心價值。此乃現今法國所具體展現出的軟性權力，其影響不亞於美國對全世界所帶來的嚮往和景仰從而產生出的影響力。法國於國際上積極主動提供多項援助。借由歷史背景、文化相近的因素，以及經貿網絡，使得法國在對這些國家提供資金援助或是技術協助時，能夠達到事半功倍的效果。在文化交流與旅遊上，集結政府、地方行政單位、專業人士以及經貿相關單位的力量，以合作夥伴的模式共同參與國內或海外的各種推廣活動，以推展法國的旅遊與文化宣傳。並且，透過法國和他國的雙邊相互交流，將法國多元文化的核心價值傳播至世界各國。在商業及工業貿易上，法國鼓勵企業從事海外的生產投資，除了協助當地原物料生產與加工販售之外，同時透過經貿活動發揮更大效果，一方面創造良好的投資環境，另一方面促進當地政治穩定以及維持其本身的影響力。最後，法國在軟權力外交上寄望於深化與其他國家的夥伴關係，加強經貿合作及交流，相互分享更多的實務經驗與技術，奠定彼此互信互利的基礎，促使彼此間能以互惠互助的原則建立穩固深層的外交關係。 From 19th century on, several European countries started, deliberate academic and trade cooperation or, exchanges in support of their external diplomatic influence strategy. In particular after Second World War, NATO minority, France was willing to recover their former position or develop an independent model, despite US economical new power and culture fast spreading through films and TV series success, or consumer’s massive production exports with globalization. According to Joseph S. Nye, William Owens and Milton Cunning theories, France had used ”Soft Power” to develop their cultural diplomacy, formerly, through French language education, culture, religion and polyvalent influences to support regional or assume worldwide peace maintenance. France works in different ways such for help and technical expertise or services, which helped the country to entertain good historical fellowship with recipient countries. Today, France enjoy largest network organization in the World (in numbers of “Alliances Francaises” and French Institutes), resulting from this, France has become the best resourcing place for Francophone countries and the first touristic destination, as home of some best preserved World patrimonies heritage, architectures or original sites, offering high quality of life, prestige styles, artistic and cultural inspirations. It works as if commercial and industrial trade encouraged Trade flows and attractiveness to France creating new partnership and welcoming Foreign Direct Investment thanks to French labor qualification and organized distribution market. Further to these, a common French language practiced overseas helping less developed countries to strengthen transnational or horizontal trade exchanges particularly in African countries

出版社國立臺灣大學出版中心

全部作者苑倚曼 Yuan Yi-Mond

出版日期2016-02-29

ISSN(ISBN)9789863501312

所屬計畫案軟權力在歐盟外交中的運用：以法國文化外交及軟權力之影響為例

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